Variation as Main Feature of Norm

Sabina E. Poladova

Abstract


Key words:norm, variation, free variation, phonetic variation,language variation, linguistic factors, allophones

 

Annotation: The past half-century has witnessed remarkable growth in the study of language variation, and it has now become a highly productive subfield of research in sociolinguistics. Variability is everywhere in language, from the unique details in each production of a sound or sign to the auditory or visual processing of the linguistic signal. The justification for this, following Chomsky, is that much of  the variation found in utterances is due to non-linguistic factors, and thus idealization is necessary in order to see the underlying patterns behind speakers’ linguistic performance (Chomsky ,1965).

All languages that we can observe today show variation; what is more, they vary in identical ways, namely geographically and socially.It’s no secret that languages like English are full of variation. So, the aim of the article is to detect the reasons of variation and to uncover rates of usage of different free variations for a given set of lexical items.


Volltext:

PDF (English)

Literaturhinweise


Arutyunova ND. Language and the world of the person. Moscow, 1998.

Chomsky N. Aspects of the Theory of Syntax. Cambridge, MIT Press, 1965.

Gak VG. Linguistic variation in view of general theory of variation (on the subject of factors and the role of variation in language): Variation as a feature of language system (thesis, report). Moscow, 1982.

Heilman NI, Steriopolo YI. Communicative situation and variation of phonetic features: Experimental phonetic analysis of speech. London, 1989.

John Lyons. Introduction to theoretical linguistics. Moscow, 1978.

Martine A. Principle of economy in phonetic changes (Problems of diachronic phonology). Moscow, 1960.

Mishin AB. Change of English phonemes in the flow of speech: FUT, Moscow, 1985.

Moshnina TV. On socio-linguistic conditionality of phonetic variants of words in English: Functional analysis of English phonetic units. Moscow, 1988.

Pozharitskaya SK, Knyazev SV. The content of the course of the Phonetics of Modern Standard Russian at the Department of Philology of Moscow State University: VMU, 1997, No.5, Moscow.

Rayevskiy MV. Experience of defining the concept of pronunciation norm: Norms of realization of linguistic means. Gorky, 1986.

Romashko SA. Spontaneous speech: acoustic and functional properties: Current issues of phonetics in USSR. Moscow, 1987.

Solntsev VM. Language as system and structural formation. Moscow, 1971.

Torsuyev GP. Constancy and variation in the phonetic system. Moscow, 1977.

Trubetskoy NS. Fundamentals of phonology.2nd edition. Moscow, 2000.

Verbitskaya DA. Let’s speak correctly. Moscow, 2001.

Verbitskaya LA. Orthoepy and issues of speech culture: Applied linguistics. Saint Petersburg, 1996.

Wells JC. Longman Pronunciation Dictionary. Harlow: Pearson Ed.. 3rd ed., 2008.


Refbacks

  • Im Moment gibt es keine Refbacks